Posted by John DeFazio on October 31, 2002 at 18:08:24:In Reply to: post-anti-late posted by Calimero on October 31, 2002 at 15:25:16:
Post Modernism (literally after Modernism) can be viewed as a mannerist" revision of Modernism, that it both embraced and questioned Modernist theory. Venturi, Rossi, and Graves and a whole host of others, sort to enrich and expand the vocabulary of Modern architecture by reintroducing Historical Styles, Architectural Archetypes and Ornament , all of which were thought to be antithetical to the tenants of Modernism i.e.: abstraction, functionalism and the end of historical styles. All these architects built modern buildings (constructed in a modern way), and not direct imitation of any historical structures but now layered with symbolic forms. Their main goal was to re-instill lost meanings that they saw in pre-modernist architecture but in a new, modern way.
Late Modernist architects, such as Paul Rudolph, Eero Saarinen, Ed Barns, Philip Johnson and many many others, totally embrace modern theory and sought to extend and evolve Modern Architecture without the theoretical break implied by the Post Modernist. Ornament and History were not embraced and the theories and precedents set by the Modern Masters (Corbu, Mies, Wright and Gropius) were looked upon and models to build on.
There were many architects that fall somewhere inbetween...Louis Kahn for instance; and others that are not regularly included among the Post Modernist like Richard Meyer, Peter Eisenman, that are post-modern in temperament... but do not embrace historical form or ornament. Their work is either Modernist revival (Meyer's Corbu Redux) or a inverted modernism that uses abstract forms, but is "mannered" in away that questions Modern Architecture's basis on Rationalism and Functionalism.
Anti-Modernist could describe many architects... Neoclassicists, like Quinlan Terry and Demertri Porphyrisos, who believe that Modern theory was a sham, and maintain a Classical tradition; Traditionalist like Robert Stern who acknowledge Modernism as a "style" among other styles and seek a continuity with history,... to neo-medievalist like Christopher Alexander who seek a non-Modernist and in a way anti-Architecture approach based on a vernacular building types and elements (Pattern Language) that a synthesized in a collaborative manner with this user (rather than the architect) as the prime mover.
Then of course there are the Neo-Modernists... but you didn't ask that question...
John
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